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<title>Object (computer science)</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Object (computer science)</span></span>

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<p>In <a href="Software_development" title="Software development">software development</a>, an <b>object</b> is an <a href="Entity" title="Entity">entity</a> that has <a href="State_(computer_science)" title="State (computer science)">state</a>, <a href="Behavior" title="Behavior">behavior</a>, and <a href="Identity_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Identity (object-oriented programming)">identity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ooa_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ooa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 78">: 78 </span></sup> An object can <a href="Model" title="Model">model</a> some part of <a href="Reality" title="Reality">reality</a> or can be an <a href="Invention" title="Invention">invention</a> of the <a href="Design_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Design process">design process</a> whose collaborations with other such objects serve as the mechanisms that provide some higher-level behavior. Put another way, an object represents an individual, identifiable item, unit, or entity, either real or abstract, with a well-defined role in the problem domain.<sup id="cite_ref-ooa_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ooa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 76">: 76 </span></sup>

</p><p>A <a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming language</a> can be classified based on its support for objects. A language that provides an encapsulation construct for state, behavior, and identity is classified as <a href="Object-based_language" title="Object-based language">object-based</a>. If the language also provides <a href="Polymorphism_(computer_science)" title="Polymorphism (computer science)">polymorphism</a> and <a href="Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Inheritance (object-oriented programming)">inheritance</a> it is classified as <a href="Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">object-oriented</a>. A language that supports creating an object from a <a href="Class_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Class (computer science)">class</a> is classified as <a href="Class-based_programming" title="Class-based programming">class-based</a>. A language that supports object creation via a template object is classified as <a href="Prototype-based_programming" title="Prototype-based programming">prototype-based</a>.

</p><p>The concept of object is used in many different software contexts, including:

</p>

<ul><li>Possibly the most common use is <a href="Computer_memory" title="Computer memory">in-memory</a> objects in a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a> written in an object-based language.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Information_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Information systems">Information systems</a> can be <a href="Object-oriented_analysis_and_design" title="Object-oriented analysis and design">modeled</a> with objects representing their components and interfaces.<sup id="cite_ref-ooa_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ooa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 39">: 39 </span></sup></li></ul>

<ul><li>In the <a href="Relational_model" title="Relational model">relational model</a> of <a href="Database" title="Database">database</a> management, aspects such as <a href="Table_(database)" title="Table (database)">table</a> and <a href="Column_(database)" title="Column (database)">column</a> may act as objects.<sup id="cite_ref-Oppel_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oppel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Distributed_object" title="Distributed object">Objects</a> of a <a href="Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed computing</a> system tend to be larger grained, longer lasting, and more service-oriented than programming objects.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Actor_model" title="Actor model">Actor model</a> – Model of concurrent computation</li>

<li><a href="Business_object" title="Business object">Business object</a> – Entity within a multi-tiered software application</li>

<li><a href="Instance_(computer_science)" title="Instance (computer science)">Instance (computer science)</a> – Concrete manifestation of an object (class) in software development</li>

<li><a href="Object_lifetime" title="Object lifetime">Object lifetime</a> – Time period between the creation and destruction of an object-oriented programming instance</li>

<li><a href="Object_copying" title="Object copying">Object copying</a> – Technique in object-oriented programming</li>

<li><a href="Semantic_Web" title="Semantic Web">Semantic Web</a> – Extension of the Web to facilitate data exchange</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFGrady_BoochRobert_MaksimchukMichael_EngleBobbi_Young2007" class="citation book cs1">Grady Booch; Robert Maksimchuk; Michael Engle; Bobbi Young; Jim Conallen; Kelli Houston (April 30, 2007). <i>Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications</i> (3 ed.). Addison-Wesley Professional. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0201895513</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Oppel-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oppel_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOppel2005" class="citation book cs1">Oppel, Andy (2005). <i>SQL Demystified</i>. McGraw Hill. p. 7. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-07-226224-9</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/concepts/object.html"><i>What Is an Object?</i></a> from <i>The Java Tutorials</i></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Software_engineering336" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">Software engineering</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">Computer programming</a></li>

<li><a href="DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a></li>

<li><a href="Empirical_software_engineering" title="Empirical software engineering">Empirical software engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Experimental_software_engineering" title="Experimental software engineering">Experimental software engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Formal_methods" title="Formal methods">Formal methods</a></li>

<li><a href="Requirements_engineering" title="Requirements engineering">Requirements engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Search-based_software_engineering" title="Search-based software engineering">Search-based software engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Site_reliability_engineering" title="Site reliability engineering">Site reliability engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_software_engineering" title="Social software engineering">Social software engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_deployment" title="Software deployment">Software deployment</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_design" title="Software design">Software design</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">Software maintenance</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_testing" title="Software testing">Software testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Systems_analysis" title="Systems analysis">Systems analysis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abstraction_(computer_science)" title="Abstraction (computer science)">Abstraction</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_compatibility" title="Computer compatibility">Compatibility</a>

<ul><li><a href="Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">Backward compatibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Compatibility_layer" title="Compatibility layer">Compatibility layer</a></li>

<li><a href="Compatibility_mode" title="Compatibility mode">Compatibility mode</a></li>

<li><a href="Forward_compatibility" title="Forward compatibility">Forward compatibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_incompatibility" title="Software incompatibility">Software incompatibility</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Component-based software engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_modeling" title="Data modeling">Data modeling</a></li>

<li><a href="Enterprise_architecture" title="Enterprise architecture">Enterprise architecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Functional_specification" title="Functional specification">Functional specification</a></li>

<li><a href="Modeling_language" title="Modeling language">Modeling language</a></li>

<li><a href="Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Programming paradigm</a></li>

<li><a href="Software" title="Software">Software</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_archaeology" title="Software archaeology">Software archaeology</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_architecture" title="Software architecture">Software architecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">Software configuration management</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_development_process" title="Software development process">Software development process/methodology</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_quality" title="Software quality">Software quality</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_quality_assurance" title="Software quality assurance">Software quality assurance</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_system" title="Software system">Software system</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_verification_and_validation" title="Software verification and validation">Software verification and validation</a></li>

<li><a href="Structured_analysis" title="Structured analysis">Structured analysis</a>

<ul><li><a href="Essential_systems_analysis" title="Essential systems analysis">Essential analysis</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orientations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li>

<li><a href="Aspect-oriented_programming" title="Aspect-oriented programming">Aspect-oriented</a></li>

<li><a href="Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object orientation</a></li>

<li><a href="Ontology_(information_science)" title="Ontology (information science)">Ontology</a></li>

<li><a href="Service-oriented_architecture" title="Service-oriented architecture">Service orientation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Developmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li>

<li><a href="Executable_UML" title="Executable UML">Executable UML</a></li>

<li><a href="Incremental_build_model" title="Incremental build model">Incremental model</a></li>

<li><a href="Iterative_and_incremental_development" title="Iterative and incremental development">Iterative model</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_prototyping" title="Software prototyping">Prototype model</a></li>

<li><a href="Scrum_(software_development)" title="Scrum (software development)">Scrum</a></li>

<li><a href="Spiral_model" title="Spiral model">Spiral model</a></li>

<li><a href="V-model_(software_development)" title="V-model (software development)">V-model</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterfall_model" title="Waterfall model">Waterfall model</a></li>

<li><a href="Model-driven_engineering" title="Model-driven engineering">Model-driven engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Round-trip_engineering" title="Round-trip engineering">Round-trip engineering</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Data_model" title="Data model">Data model</a></li>

<li><a href="Entity%E2%80%93relationship_model" title="Entity–relationship model">ER model</a></li>

<li><a href="Function_model" title="Function model">Function model</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_model" title="Information model">Information model</a></li>

<li><a href="Metamodeling" title="Metamodeling">Metamodeling</a></li>

<li><a href="Object_model" title="Object model">Object model</a></li>

<li><a href="ISO/IEC_15504" title="ISO/IEC 15504">SPICE</a></li>

<li><a href="Systems_modeling" title="Systems modeling">Systems model</a></li>

<li><a href="View_model" title="View model">View model</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Systems_modeling_language" title="Systems modeling language">SysML</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Systems_design" title="Systems design">Systems design</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Software_requirements_specification" title="Software requirements specification"> Requirements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Functional_requirement" title="Functional requirement">Functional requirement</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-functional_requirement" title="Non-functional requirement">Non-functional requirement</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Capacity_planning" title="Capacity planning"> Capacity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Active_users" title="Active users"> Users</a></li>

<li><a href="Central_processing_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Central processing units"> Compute</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_memory" title="Computer memory"> Memory</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage"> Storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)"> Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_traffic" title="Web traffic">Web traffic</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Interface_(computing)" title="Interface (computing)"> Interface</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="GraphQL" title="GraphQL">GraphQL</a></li>

<li><a href="Webhook" title="Webhook">Webhook</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="High-level_design" title="High-level design">High-level design</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Client_(computing)" title="Client (computing)"> Client</a></li>

<li><a href="Load_balancing_(computing)" title="Load balancing (computing)"> Load balancing</a></li>

<li><a href="Application_server" title="Application server">Application server</a></li>

<li><a href="Message_queue" title="Message queue">Message queue</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="System_Integration" class="mw-redirect" title="System Integration"> Integration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Vertical_integration" title="Vertical integration"> Vertical</a></li>

<li><a href="API_management" title="API management"> API Gateway</a></li>

<li><a href="Event_store" title="Event store"> Event Source</a></li>

<li><a href="Batch_processing" title="Batch processing"> Batch</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_processing" title="Stream processing">Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Orchestration_(computing)" title="Orchestration (computing)"> Orchestration</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Architectures" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectures">Architectures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Monolithic_application" title="Monolithic application"> Monolithic</a></li>

<li><a href="Microservices" title="Microservices">Microservices</a></li>

<li><a href="Event-driven_architecture" title="Event-driven architecture"> Event-Driven</a></li>

<li><a href="Client%E2%80%93server_model" title="Client–server model"> Client–server</a></li>

<li><a href="Serverless_computing" title="Serverless computing"> Serverless</a></li>

<li><a href="Circuit_breaker_design_pattern" title="Circuit breaker design pattern"> Circuit breaker</a></li>

<li><a href="Rate_limiting" title="Rate limiting">Rate limiting</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Database" title="Database">Database</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Relational_database" title="Relational database"> Relational</a></li>

<li><a href="NoSQL" title="NoSQL">NoSQL</a></li>

<li><a href="Graph_database" title="Graph database"> Graph</a></li>

<li><a href="Key%E2%80%93value_database" title="Key–value database"> Key–value</a></li>

<li><a href="Time_series_database" title="Time series database"> Time series</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_orientation" title="Data orientation"> Column Oriented</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Systems_design" title="Systems design"> Principles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Consistency_(database_systems)" title="Consistency (database systems)">Consistency</a></li>

<li><a href="Reliability_engineering" title="Reliability engineering">Reliability</a></li>

<li><a href="CAP_theorem" title="CAP theorem">CAP theorem</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance"> Maintainability</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_configuration" title="Computer configuration"> Configurability</a></li>

<li><a href="Modularity" title="Modularity">Modularity</a></li>

<li><a href="Durability_(database_systems)" title="Durability (database systems)"> Durability</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Scalability" title="Scalability">Scalability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Service_statelessness_principle" title="Service statelessness principle"> Stateless</a></li>

<li><a href="Asynchronous_I/O" title="Asynchronous I/O">Asynchronous I/O</a></li>

<li><a href="Loose_coupling" title="Loose coupling">Loose coupling</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Availability" title="Availability">Availability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fault_tolerance" title="Fault tolerance">Fault tolerance</a></li>

<li><a href="Failover" title="Failover">Failover</a></li>

<li><a href="Single_point_of_failure" title="Single point of failure">Single point of failure</a></li>

<li><a href="Replication_(computing)" title="Replication (computing)"> Replication</a></li>

<li><a href="Consistent_hashing" title="Consistent hashing">Consistent hashing</a></li>

<li><a href="Circuit_breaker_design_pattern" title="Circuit breaker design pattern"> Circuit breaker</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Latency_(engineering)" title="Latency (engineering)">Latency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cache_(computing)" title="Cache (computing)"> Cache</a></li>

<li><a href="Shard_(database_architecture)" title="Shard (database architecture)"> Shard </a></li>

<li><a href="Database_index" title="Database index">Database index</a></li>

<li><a href="Cache_prefetching" title="Cache prefetching"> Pre-caching</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage"> Storage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Object_storage" title="Object storage">Object storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Block-level_storage" title="Block-level storage"> Block storage</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Observability_(software)" title="Observability (software)"> Observability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Logging_(computing)" title="Logging (computing)"> Logging</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_metric" title="Software metric"> Metrics</a></li>

<li><a href="Tracing_(software)" title="Tracing (software)"> Tracing </a></li>

<li><a href="Failure_rate" title="Failure rate"> Error rate </a></li>

<li><a href="Queries_per_second" title="Queries per second">Queries per second </a></li>

<li><a href="Notification_system" title="Notification system">Notification system</a></li>

<li><a href="Anomaly_detection" title="Anomaly detection">Anomaly detection</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Computer_engineering" title="Computer engineering">Computer engineering</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_science" title="Information science">Information science</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_management" title="Project management">Project management</a></li>

<li><a href="Risk_management" title="Risk management">Risk management</a></li>

<li><a href="Systems_engineering" title="Systems engineering">Systems engineering</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Software_engineering" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Software engineering">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Data_types177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Data_types177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Data_type" title="Data type">Data types</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Units_of_information" title="Units of information">Uninterpreted</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Ternary_numeral_system#Tryte" title="Ternary numeral system">Tryte</a></li>

<li><a href="Bit_array" title="Bit array">Bit array</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Numeric</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arbitrary-precision_arithmetic" title="Arbitrary-precision arithmetic">Arbitrary-precision or bignum</a></li>

<li><a href="Complex_data_type" title="Complex data type">Complex</a></li>

<li><a href="Decimal_data_type" title="Decimal data type">Decimal</a></li>

<li><a href="Fixed-point_arithmetic" title="Fixed-point arithmetic">Fixed point</a></li>

<li><a href="Block_floating_point" title="Block floating point">Block floating point</a></li>

<li><a href="Floating-point_arithmetic" title="Floating-point arithmetic">Floating point</a>

<ul><li>Reduced precision

<ul><li><a href="Minifloat" title="Minifloat">Minifloat</a></li>

<li><a href="Half-precision_floating-point_format" title="Half-precision floating-point format">Half precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Bfloat16_floating-point_format" title="Bfloat16 floating-point format">bfloat16</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Single-precision_floating-point_format" title="Single-precision floating-point format">Single precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Double-precision_floating-point_format" title="Double-precision floating-point format">Double precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Quadruple-precision_floating-point_format" title="Quadruple-precision floating-point format">Quadruple precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Octuple-precision_floating-point_format" title="Octuple-precision floating-point format">Octuple precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Extended_precision" title="Extended precision">Extended precision</a>

<ul><li><a href="Long_double" title="Long double">Long double</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Integer_(computer_science)" title="Integer (computer science)">Integer</a>

<ul><li><a href="Signedness" title="Signedness">signedness</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Interval_arithmetic#Implementations" title="Interval arithmetic">Interval</a></li>

<li><a href="Rational_data_type" title="Rational data type">Rational</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pointer_(computer_programming)" title="Pointer (computer programming)">Pointer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Memory_address" title="Memory address">Address</a>

<ul><li><a href="Physical_address" title="Physical address">physical</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_address_space" title="Virtual address space">virtual</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Reference_(computer_science)" title="Reference (computer science)">Reference</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Plain_text" title="Plain text">Text</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Character_(computing)" title="Character (computing)">Character</a></li>

<li><a href="String_(computer_science)" title="String (computer science)">String</a>

<ul><li><a href="Null-terminated_string" title="Null-terminated string">null-terminated</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Composite_data_type" title="Composite data type">Composite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Algebraic_data_type" title="Algebraic data type">Algebraic data type</a>

<ul><li><a href="Generalized_algebraic_data_type" title="Generalized algebraic data type">generalized</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Array_(data_type)" title="Array (data type)">Array</a></li>

<li><a href="Associative_array" title="Associative array">Associative array</a></li>

<li><a href="Class_(computer_programming)" title="Class (computer programming)">Class</a></li>

<li><a href="Dependent_type" title="Dependent type">Dependent</a></li>

<li><a href="Intuitionistic_type_theory#Equality_type" title="Intuitionistic type theory">Equality</a></li>

<li><a href="Inductive_type" title="Inductive type">Inductive</a></li>

<li><a href="Intersection_type" title="Intersection type">Intersection</a></li>

<li>

<ul><li><a href="Metaobject" title="Metaobject">metaobject</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Option_type" title="Option type">Option type</a></li>

<li><a href="Product_type" title="Product type">Product</a></li>

<li><a href="Record_(computer_science)" title="Record (computer science)">Record or Struct</a></li>

<li><a href="Refinement_type" title="Refinement type">Refinement</a></li>

<li><a href="Union_type" title="Union type">Union</a>

<ul><li><a href="Tagged_union" title="Tagged union">tagged</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Boolean_data_type" title="Boolean data type">Boolean</a></li>

<li><a href="Bottom_type" title="Bottom type">Bottom type</a></li>

<li><a href="Container_(abstract_data_type)" title="Container (abstract data type)">Collection</a></li>

<li><a href="Enumerated_type" title="Enumerated type">Enumerated type</a></li>

<li><a href="Exception_handling" title="Exception handling">Exception</a></li>

<li><a href="Function_type" title="Function type">Function type</a></li>

<li><a href="Opaque_data_type" title="Opaque data type">Opaque data type</a></li>

<li><a href="Recursive_data_type" title="Recursive data type">Recursive data type</a></li>

<li><a href="Semaphore_(programming)" title="Semaphore (programming)">Semaphore</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_(computing)" title="Stream (computing)">Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Strongly_typed_identifier" title="Strongly typed identifier">Strongly typed identifier</a></li>

<li><a href="Type_class" title="Type class">Type class</a></li>

<li><a href="Empty_type" title="Empty type">Empty type</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br>topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abstract_data_type" title="Abstract data type">Abstract data type</a></li>

<li><a href="Boxing_(computer_programming)" title="Boxing (computer programming)">Boxing</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_structure" title="Data structure">Data structure</a></li>

<li><a href="Generic_programming" title="Generic programming">Generic</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Metaclass" title="Metaclass">metaclass</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Parametric_polymorphism" title="Parametric polymorphism">Parametric polymorphism</a></li>

<li><a href="Primitive_data_type" title="Primitive data type">Primitive data type</a></li>

<li><a href="Interface_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Interface (object-oriented programming)">Interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Subtyping" title="Subtyping">Subtyping</a></li>

<li><a href="Type_constructor" title="Type constructor">Type constructor</a></li>

<li><a href="Type_conversion" title="Type conversion">Type conversion</a></li>

<li><a href="Type_system" title="Type system">Type system</a></li>

<li><a href="Type_theory" title="Type theory">Type theory</a></li>

<li><a href="Variable_(computer_science)" title="Variable (computer science)">Variable</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-04-30" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Object_(computer_science)&oldid=1288158099">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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